| Lem, A |
EEG reveals potential connections between selected
categories of imagery and the psycho-acoustic profile of music. 3-17
Twenty-seven healthy adults, M=12, F=15, age range 20-38, mean age 24.19,
participated in an EEG study investigating potential connections between
the listener's imagery and selected structural features of music. The
stimulus was Konzertstuck for Harp and Orchestra Op. 39 by Gabriel Pierné.
Examine were (2) ongoing relationships between general tendencies in the
EEG activity and the psycho-acoustic characteristics of the stimulus,
as designed by (a) the intensity of sound and (b) the profile of affective
expression within the music, and (2) associations between the most frequently
observed patterns of EEG activity and the listeners' verbal reports. Assessment
suggested that - after the initial increase in alertness - the listeners
responded to the music with a progressively deepening counterarousal,
and that the ongoing direction of this response was in negative correlation
wit the direction of the psycho-acoustic intensity produced by the music.
The Fisher exact probability test revealed a strong (p=0.01937) association
between the presence of transient isolated discharges in the EEG and the
occurrence of visual imagery. This finding, assessed with reference to
the ongoing psycho-acoustic profile of the stimulus, suggested that visual
imagery occurred to the listeners most frequently during rapid, large-scale
releases of musical tension. The overall psycho-acoustic structure of
Konzertstuck is discussed with reference to its potential ability to facilitate
the flow of mental imagery. Recommendations are made for future research.
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| Hogan, B |
Approaching the end of life: A role
for music therapy within the context of palliative care models. 18-34
When people are dying, they undoubtedly fluctuate through various psychological
states. Authors have tried to incorporate these psychological states into
theoretical models that describe the process of dying. The purpose of this
article is to present a relative discussion of four theoretical models drawing
on the early work of Kubler-Ross (1969) compared to later models that outline
the psychological states and phases experienced during the process of dying
Levine, 1986, Buckman, 1989, and West, 1994). One of these models (West,
1994) has suggested ways that music therapy can support terminally ill patients
through the dying process. Incorporating a brief review of other relevant
literature, these suggestions will be discussed. Clinical vignettes will
also be presented to illustrate how West's (1994) theoretical model may
be incorporated into music therapy practice with terminally ill patients.
With an heightened awareness of these suggestions and theoretical models
of the dying process supported by examples of how they are applied, music
therapists will be better informed in their clinical work with terminally
ill patients.
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